The CDC's National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) 2020 data on violent deaths in 48 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico are detailed in this summary report. Results on injuries are presented, stratified by sex, age bands, racial and ethnic background, method of harm, location type, the conditions surrounding the injury, and other specifically chosen parameters.
2020.
Violent deaths are documented by NVDRS through data collection from death certificates, coroner/medical examiner reports, and law enforcement records. Within this report, data pertaining to violent fatalities from the year 2020 is presented. Data were meticulously compiled from the 48 states, leaving out Florida and Hawaii, along with the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. Data from forty-six states was collected on a statewide basis, with two additional states contributing data from a subset of their counties: thirty-five California counties (covering seventy-one percent of the state's population) and four Texas counties (representing thirty-nine percent of the state's population). Further, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico provided jurisdiction-wide data. NVDRS systematically gathers information on every violent death and unites deaths connected by commonality (such as multiple homicides, homicides followed by suicide, or multiple suicides), forming a single incident.
Fatal incidents recorded by NVDRS in 2020 totaled 64,388, claiming 66,017 lives in 48 states (46 states providing statewide data, 35 California counties, and 4 Texas counties), along with the District of Columbia. In the context of data collection, 729 fatal incidents claiming the lives of 790 people were documented in Puerto Rico. The data pertaining to Puerto Rico were analyzed in isolation. Of the 66,017 deaths, suicide constituted the largest percentage (584%), followed by homicides (313%), deaths of unknown intent (82%), deaths resulting from legal intervention (13%), which includes deaths from law enforcement and other authorized personnel using deadly force in their line of duty excluding legal executions, and finally unintentional firearm deaths (less than 10%). Demographic patterns and circumstances associated with manner of death were diverse, reflecting the differing circumstances surrounding fatalities, even though 'legal intervention' is a classification found within the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, which does not determine the legality of deaths caused by law enforcement. Male suicide rates were statistically higher than those of females. Across all age ranges, the highest suicide rate was consistently found in the 85-year-old and older demographic. Besides other racial and ethnic groups, non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native (AI/AN) individuals demonstrated the highest suicide rates. The most frequent method of self-inflicted injury leading to suicide involved firearms, in both males and females. Mental health problems, troubles in intimate relationships, physical health conditions, and crises within the two weeks leading up to or following suicide were prevalent factors, as revealed when analyzing the circumstances of suicide victims. A greater number of male victims were recorded in homicide cases compared to female victims. Across all homicide victims, the homicide rate was highest amongst those aged 20 to 24 years, in relation to individuals in every other age group. Non-Hispanic Black males, of all racial and ethnic groups, experienced the highest rate of homicide. The most common method of injury among homicide victims was the deployment of firearms. In cases of homicide where the victim and suspect had a known relationship, male victims were frequently acquainted with or friends with the suspect, and female victims' suspects were often current or former partners. Conflicts, frequently resulting in homicide, were sometimes related to separate criminal acts; or, in cases of female victims, often stemmed from domestic violence. Almost all deaths resulting from legal interventions involved men, showing a highest mortality rate for men aged 35 to 44. The tragic statistic of legal intervention deaths peaked among AI/AN males, followed in severity by Black males. In a significant portion of legally sanctioned interventions resulting in fatalities, a firearm was employed. A specific type of crime frequently resulting in a legally mandated death penalty was often categorized as either assault or homicide. For legal intervention fatalities, the three most commonly reported, verifiable circumstances involved: the victim's death directly linked to another criminal action, the victim's involvement of a weapon during the event, and the presence of a substance abuse issue (exceeding alcohol use). Other causes of death encompassed unintentional firearms deaths and fatalities where the intent remained undetermined. The demographic group most affected by unintentional firearm deaths consisted of male, non-Hispanic White persons aged 15 to 24. Playing with a firearm frequently resulted in these deaths, specifically due to the unintentional pulling of the trigger. The rate of deaths of undetermined intent exhibited a marked peak among male adults, particularly among AI/AN and Black males, and within the age group of 30-54 years. Undetermined-intent fatalities frequently involved poisoning, with nearly 80% of the deceased exhibiting the presence of opioids in toxicology tests.
NVDRS 2020 data regarding violent deaths is summarized in a comprehensive manner within this report. AI/AN and White males experienced the highest suicide rates, while Black males bore the brunt of the highest homicide rates. A considerable percentage of female homicides were directly attributable to violence by intimate partners. Circumstances leading to multiple types of violent deaths were frequently rooted in mental health struggles, issues within intimate relationships, interpersonal disagreements, and intense, sudden life pressures.
The prevention of violence is facilitated by data-driven strategies implemented by states and communities in public health initiatives. NVDRS data are employed to monitor violent fatalities and provide crucial support to public health agencies in developing, putting into practice, and evaluating strategies, rules, and techniques to curtail and prevent violent deaths. Suicide prevention initiatives and insightful reports, identifying critical focus areas, have been guided by data from the Colorado Violent Death Reporting System (VDRS), the Kentucky VDRS, and the Oregon VDRS. The increased risk for suicide among first and last responders in Colorado was assessed using VDRS data. Kentucky's VDRS, using localized data, underscored the potential for increased suicide risks among vulnerable groups, a result of the COVID-19 pandemic's psychological and social consequences. In furtherance of the state's firearm safety campaign, Oregon VDRS presented a public data dashboard that graphically displayed firearm mortality trends and rates using their data. Similarly, participating states in the NVDRS network have used their VDRS data to scrutinize homicide occurrences in their state. Chicago experienced an increase in youth homicides, a finding corroborated by the Illinois VDRS study, potentially as a result of state budget cuts. The report's achievement of nationally representative data is facilitated by a larger number of participating states and jurisdictions, thus signifying progress.
The prevention of violence is achievable through data-informed public health initiatives, empowering states and communities. CBT-p informed skills Public health agencies leverage NVDRS data to track fatalities stemming from violence, thus aiding in the design, execution, and appraisal of programs, policies, and practices to curtail and avoid violent fatalities. The Colorado VDRS, Kentucky VDRS, and Oregon VDRS have all employed their VDRS data to create reports that reveal the necessity of heightened focus on specific locations for suicide prevention efforts. In Colorado, VDRS data served as the basis for an investigation into the elevated risk of suicide among first responders and those in the final stages of their careers in the state. Kentucky VDRS, using local data, pinpointed how the psychological and social effects stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic might potentially increase suicide risk, especially for vulnerable populations. Oregon VDRS, through the use of their data, generated a publicly accessible dashboard that visually represents firearm mortality trends and rates, promoting the state's firearm safety program. Equally, states enrolled in the NVDRS initiative have employed their VDRS data to delve into homicides that have transpired within their state borders. For instance, the Illinois VDRS study revealed a correlation between state budget cuts and a substantial rise in youth homicides within Chicago. The report, further bolstered by a greater number of participating states and jurisdictions, shows progress toward capturing data representative of the entire nation.
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